<microbiology,
neurology> Inflammation of the meninges. When it affects the dura mater, the disease is termed pachymeningitis, when
the arachnoid and pia mater are involved, it is called leptomeningitis or
meningitis proper.
See also: aseptic
meningitis.
Origin: Gr. Meninx = membrane
Meningococcal meningitis
is an infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also known as
meningococcus) that causes inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that cover the brain,
brain stem, and spinal cord and are caused by bacterial or viral infections. Viral
meningitis is sometimes called aseptic meningitis to indicate it is not the result of
bacterial infection and cannot be treated with antibiotics. Symptoms of
meningitis, which may appear suddenly, often include high fever, severe and persistent
headache, stiff neck, nausea, and vomiting. Changes in behavior such as confusion,
sleepiness, and difficulty waking up may also occur. In infants, symptoms of meningitis
may include irritability or fatigue, lack of appetite, and fever. Viral meningitis usually
resolves in 10 days or less, but other types of meningitis can be deadly if not treated
promptly. Anyone experiencing symptoms of meningitis or encephalitis should see a doctor
immediately.
Infection of the brain
alone is encephalitis.
